Radiant element for gas stoves



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Patented Jan. 31, 1922.

J. M. TOBIAS.

RADIANT ELEMENT FOR GAS STOVES.

APPLICATION HLED MAY 2.

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WITNESSES J. M. TOBIAS.

RADIANT ELEMENT FOR GAS STOVES.

APPLICATION FILED MAYZ, 1921. I

Patented Jan. 31,1922.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

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:I* 12: :2: I: 3Z--Z- w/ 7 NESSE 6 stares JOHN MRTOIBIAS, 0F ltITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

RADIANT ELEMENT non ens srovns.

Specification of Letters Patent. i Patgnted J @11 31, 1922.

A pplioa tion filed May 2, 1921. Serial in). 466,305.

T 0 all whom it may concern Be 1t known that I, JOHN M. Ton-ms, re-

siding at Pittsburgh, in'the county of, {Chile gheny and State of Pennsylvaniay a citizen of the United'States, have invented or dis covered. certain new andusrful Improvements 1n Radiant Elements for Gas Stoves,

of which improvements the i'o'lloiving is a specification. 10

My invention relatesto improvements in the radiant element employed in domestic gasstoves.

There is a common type of domestic heater'.and it .is'vvith this type that I now mantle of the familiar lVelsbach burner,

and the heat and light'rays emitted. from the radiant element penetrate the casing, affording the desired heating eifech And, since the radiant element is visiblethrough the openings in the casing, the heater in service is pleasing sight.

. My present invention concerns-improve ments in the construction of the radiant element. Itis common to make this ele-' ment of metal.

I Manifestly, howeverrthere would be certain advantages in making the radlant element of such retractory material as kaolin. I

Th'ere areycertain diflicu'lties and disadvantages which attend the useof arad ant element formedpof such material as kaolin,

when compared with an element formed ofjmetal. For onething, an article ofkaolin ,beingmade of a paste and baked in a kiln, isfincapable of being made minutely accurate in dimension; 111 'tl'l6 SQC()l1Cl place,

'kaolinelement once inadeis not'capahlc of being readily cut; and shaped is a metal article; and, in the thlrd place; when it comes to stoves of larger-sizes, the 'kaolinf element, if it is to be self sustaining, must he'made of such thickness as-to require rel atively large amounts of heatto bring-it to incandescenceand to {radiant condition. Inasmuchas one of the attractive features'of these domestic stoves 15 that, immediately on lighting, their radiant elements glow and throw 'ofiheat, lt WOUlCl. be detrimental to their service and it would 'llllllttttfi against their ready sale in competition it their radiant elements should be slow in coining to radiant condition, after the flame oi the burnerhad been lighted.

*One thing more requifres'to'be saidzlln 'a heater employingthe typical Bunsen burner, with vertically-rising burner tube,

the flame rising vertically ;.irom' the orifice, it is common to place above the orifice of the burner a chimney 'ormant'l'e-like reticu- 'latedradiant eleinent,..t'ormed perhaps O'f metal, perhaps ofkaolinig xbuLt in a i heater 'having' a horizontally-extending burner provided with a number of flame. j m'ittingfqorior mantle isnot applicable. a

My nvention is illustrated the accompanying drawings; 'lt'consistsof aradiant flees, (atype now common) such achirnneyv V felementajaplieajbl to a burner-of c'onsiden able horizontal extentavherein the superior utility of kaolin or like materialis made available and .atthe same time the radiant elementniaybe made forservme in a heater of any des red dimens ons and St1lldb61l1- jstantaneousl' in its response to the lighting'of the burner; furthern ore the radiant element 'isnot fragile to the degree thata self-sustaining kaolin element is fragile, but

may be packed andshipped and handled and applied -with reasonable" safety against H breakage. Finallyfthej radiant element of my invention may be fitted to itsplace in.

ltlieheater'as easily and effectively as an all-metal radiant element.

Figure Iis a view in perspe'ctive of an asseinbled elementleinbodying my invention, ready to be introduced into a heater; Fig. II is a plan view of the frame from: abovefitheirame member of the radiant elementthe refractory grid being removed; Figlll is view invertical longitudinal and medial section through the radiant element applied to a burner Fig) lifisavieiv in vertical and transverse'section; F g. V'is a viewin perspective of a-refractory unit detached; 'ana Figure is a view in perspective of a stove having an assembled radiant element 1n place. In it this figure a' part of the shell oflthe stove is'brokenaway to afiord complete illustration. a N

The radiant'element is made' up of two chief .parts'as components, theiframe part and the refractory part, together vvith means for securing the refractory part in position.

The framepart'is shown in'plan in Fig.

- type'now in general use, this frame member;

will be essentially rectangular in shape, as

is. indicated in Fig. IL In the (Eh-airings 7 1t bears the reference numeral 1.

It is provided with a marginal upwardly extending flange 2. The medial webof this rectanguin frame is ported, as indicated at a, a, in

,Fig. II, to permit the free play of the burner flame upward'through the frame and upon the radiant element. 7 Fig. I shows this particular radiant element to comprise three duplicate units ofrefractory material, Fig. V shows one such unit detached. It isindicatedgenerally by the reference numeral 4:. 'It is essentially rectangular, with opposite marginal depending flanges 5. It is provided throughout its .main or web portion with openings 6-,, and

these openings it will be understood makeit essentially" a grid. As has been said, this component. is made of refractory material,

such as kaolin, audit is the essential heatradiating member, corresponding to: the mantle ofa lVelsbach, burner. .iThis kaolin unit is so proportioned that,when applied to the frame with its marginalfianges extending downward, these flanges wilLengage-the flanges 2 of thefframe. F ig. showing a plurality of thesekaolin units combined in a single radiant element,'iserves to illustrate the point noted above, that the-radiant ele- Sustaining kaolin, strong to endureshipinent.

ment as a whole may be built of relatively large overall dimensions, deriving strength from its metal frame, theassembled kaolin units being individually of smaller'dimensions and of relatively light weight, insuificient in this respect to'be self-sustaining, and

by virtue'of their lightness in weight possessing the instantaneous property ofbecoming incandescent immediately on the lighting of the burner.

Means for securing the kaolin unit or units in place in the metal frame are such as'will af ford the desired security without interfering unduly with the play oft-lief flame upon the kaolin or causing interference with its intended functioning. The means which I preferably employ are wires passing over the upper and arched surfaces of the kaolin unit or units, passing beneaththe marginal flanges of-t-he kaolin unit or units and secured to the frame.

Conveniently this securing means takes the 'form of a web of wire netting ;6.- Fig. IV serves to illustrate how the margins of such a web of wire netting, passing beneath the flanged edges of the kaolln unit orjiniits, may be secured to the frame 1 bytie w res 3. These ti e wires are thrust through holes c in frame 1, and then made secure. I The radiant element sobuilt up is, ascompared with a unit composed so lyiof selframe immediately within the marginal- A self-sustained kaolin element is fragile. The frangibility of the kaolin unit of my improved radiant element is, relatively speaking, an inconsiderable quantity.

erties to the radiant properties of the kaolin. This web of wire netting may be. made of such particular kind of wire as will be pain ticularly resistant to destruction by flame; forexample, it may be made of chrome steel.

Suitable means of securing the radiant element in place are indicated in Figs. II,.III, and IV. Bosses 7 extending downward from 1 frame 1 V engage a suitably disposed surface ofthe burner B, andto the burner the'frame is secured by set screws, las indicated. a r

It will be understood that the radiant element of my invention is readily applicable to many forms of heaters. All that is needed is that the radiant element shall be sopositioned asQto be played upon or submitted to the hot gases of'the flame of the burner. v I claim as my invention; Q

1. The combination. with the shell .orcasing of a gas stove, of a compound radiant element, adapted to be assembled as a self sustaining structure and when assembled to be applied to and removed from such shell or casing, such radiant element including a frame which consists of a horizontally extending web with *a'medial opening, a perforated refractory unit of arched form resting at itsopposite edges upon said frame and arching overthe opening therein, and securing means overlying said refractory unitand secured at oppositesides to said... frame, substantially as described. I, V

2. The combination, with the shell or casing-of a gas stove, of a compound radiant element, adapted to be assembled as a selfsustaining structure and when assembled to be applied to and removed from such shell or casing, sucl1 radiant element consisting of a horizontally extendingported frame plate,

a' plurality of refractory units of arched 3. In a domestic heater the combination of The wire web constituting the means by a burner, a ported plate borneby said burner and extending horizontally at an interval above said burner, and arefractory unit of arched form resting'along its .opposite edges upon said plate and arched above the ported portion thereof, substantially as described.

a. A radiant element for a gas stove consisting of a metallie frame ported medially and provided with flanged margins, a grid of refractory material with marginal flanges turned aside from the general plane of the grid, said grid being assembled with said frame with its marginal flanges resting upon a said frame within the flanged margins thereof, and a retaining web of wire netting overlying said grid, its margins passing beneath the flanged margins of said grid where they JOHN M. TOBIAS.

Witnesses:

BAYARD H. CHRISTY, FRANCIS TOMASSON. 

